Manufacture of nails.



G. GODDU.

MANUFACTURE OF NAILS. APPLICATION FILED AUG-.24. 1914.

1,237,325. mm Afig. 2 ,1917.

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G. Gounu. MANUFACTURE OF NAILS.

' APPLICATION FILED AUG-24. 1914.

1 ,237, 325 i Patented Aug. 21, 1917.

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MT/VESSggL M6.

chester, in" the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented oer UN T D. STATES PATENT oFEicE.

GEo teE eonmncr wiNcii s'rEn, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR T0 UNITED snoE 7 MACHINERY COMPANY, on IEATERSON, NEW JERSEY, A. CORPORATION on NEW JERSEY.

To all whom it may concern: 1

Be it known that I, GEoReE Gonna, a c tizen of the United States, residing at VVmtain Improvements in the ;;Manutacture of Na ls, of \VhlCllthQ following description,

in connection with the accompanying draw ings, is a. specification, like reference characters on the drawings indicating like parts in the several figures. I

p This invention relates to the inanutz icture of nails and particularly to the manufacture of what are known as string nails which comprise aplurality of individual nails connected in series end to endin f a longstr'ing which is usually coiled and. is supplied thus to. one type of nailing machine wherein the nails are severed in turn from thestring and driven. i

One form of nail tring in extensive use, particularly in the manufacture of boots and'shoes, comprisesa seriesot nailsconnectedhead to point, with thefsides of the nails substantially straight and in alinement atone side of the string and the defined heads, if any, forming projections at the opposite side of the string; Such a nail string has advantages inuse in that. the nailsfmay be disconnected by means of a single cutter operating against a support at the straight side of the string; and moreover inthe processot manufacture" the nails may beiform'ed' conveniently and'econom cally from the metal'strlp or wlre by cutting or upsetting theinaterial atone side only ofthe strip. Such nails, howeverfare deficient in holdingpower at one side, and because of their unsymmetrical]character are difiicult to drive with. accuracy and 'precisioni l An object of th s inventlon is toprov de animproved process of malnng nail strings whereby the nails produced have advantageous features including thoseot previous nails without the disadvantages above referred to, andto effect improvements in processes of manufacture whereby theimproved nails maybe produced conveniently and economically: i

In the nail string of this invention the points are connected to the heads adjacent to the sides, of the heads for convenience in disconnecting the nai1s,and the heads form defined proj ections'at' that side of the string MANUFACTURE OF NAILS.

Specification of Letters Patent. P t t d Aug; 21, 1917. Ap lication fiieaaugustm, 191 se i ino. 858,214. v

at which the points are located, as well asat I the opposite side of the string, and preferably project symmetrically at both these s1des In accordance with a further "improvcment embodied in one form. of the invention the points of the nails in the string are slightly bent adjacent'to their connections with the heads, thereby insuring that the nails on being driven shall clench the particular direction desired.

The invention also providesanimproved process of manufacture whereby nail blanks arefirst formed by shaping the material at one side of a metal strip and the blanks arethen treated to shape the heads without dis connecting the heads from the points of adjacent blanks, and'if desired also to shape the points so as to form a slight bendat each point adjacent to the connected head. 1 The invention. will be more fully ex plained in the following detaileddescription for. forming string nails, suflicient to illustrate the distinctive characteristics of the improved process, with the head forming parts in the positions that they assume prior to their operation upon a nail blank,

Fig. 2 shows the subsequent positions of the parts after the blank has been operated upon,

F 1g. 3 shows a nail string otthe present invention,

I Figs t and 5 illustrate different formsof nail string in which the nails are/bent slightly at the point, and v v p Figs. 6 and 7 show modifications of the apparatus illustrated in Fig. 1 for the purpose of forming the nails illustrated, in

Figs. 4: and 5 respectively.

The novel nail string-produced by'the practice of the process herein described is not herein claimed but is claimed in my di visional application Serial No. 4363, filed January 25, 1915. I i By reference to Figs. 3, 4: and 5 it will'be seen thateach of the nails is provided with a head which forms defined projections,

preferably of eqi'ial extent, at opposite sides of'the nail, and the points of the nails are in sole secuijl all located at the same side of the nail string and are connected with the projecting portions of the heads contiguous to the edges-of the heads, As thus constructed the nails may be readily severed from the string in the usual manner, and by reason of the form of the head may be driven accurately in the direction desired and when driven serve to hold the material effectively at opposite sides. The shanks of the nails are preferably tapered, as shown, andthe longitudinal axes of the nails are substantially parallel. In the form of the invention shown iii ]3ig. 3 the points of the nails are substantially collinear "with the shanks, while" in Figs. 4 and 5 alternative. forms are shown in which the points have a slight bend adjacent to, their connections with the heads of the adjacent nails. In each of th forms shown in Figs, 4- and 5 the points are all bent in the samedirection with reference to the string, while the two figures illustirate respectrvely opposite directions of bend, one or the other of which may be adopted. as choice or necessity demands. A nailj forined with a slight bend at they point advantageous for various purposes, where is desirablethat tl enail shail'clench in a predetermined, direction, and particularly ng operations inthemanufactnreoif certaintypes of shoes as pointed out, toiffexa nple, in the United. States patent to Dobyne 'Nfol, 1,072,212, granted September 2, 1913 The present invention provides a novel, nail string. ineludipg nails of this form ready for use in nailing machines, and

requiring only that the nails; severed and driven in the usual manner- It; is within the prov nce of the inventlen I to inake the nails frqin material, or various fo ms as, foriexarnple, from round. wire. or from metal strips. According. to the preferredpractice a fiat strip is first formed to providenail blanks shaped asshown at a iii the. drawings is efl'ected bycutting away material "at one side only of the strip, leaving the blanks a with portions 6 projecting an d inclined downwardly toward the tapered. shanks at the cut. side, the blanksfonftheirfop'posite, sides being substantially straight, that is,. 'free. from de; fined projections at the. head ends. The blanks asitl nis 'formed connected head to point? with their .straight sides substantialalineine'nt. Thisoperation may be .per formed by. thense ofany suitable cutting or punching mechanism which may. constitute a of a machine which olperates snbser quently; to shape, theblanks in the manner to bedescribe d, or may be av sep.arate,.ma

chinein which the entirestrip or coil .i s first treated. .Ir1,eitl 1er. case. the blanks are. neXt operated upon by mechanism such ,as shown fragmentarily' in Figs. 1 and 2, the string of blank s being advanced intermittentlylbe tween dies 2 and 4 which slide in guideways in the frame 6 between the limits indicated respectively by full and by dotted lines in Fig. 1 hen a blank a is advanced to the proper position between the dies, the latter close. upon it and clamp the shank portion below the head end. This leaves the head 7) projecting out over a portion of the die 4. The die 2, it will be noted, has a cut-away portion 8 opposite to the head of the blank and formed to determine the shape of the nail head at this, side in the next step of the process. This step, consists in bending over and pressing the inaterial at the head of the blank to. conform it to the cut-away portion 8. of the die 2, thereby straightening the. head with reference. to. the shank and rendering its projecting portions symmetri cal at opposite sides. In the illustrative, apparatus this. is. effected. by means of a die 1.0 pivotally mounted upon the die. I and properly shaped to. engage beneath. the head on the blank and bend the head over while torming the top and one side of the head. Thisdieis operated by meansofa suitably oscillated gear segment 12 also pivoted upon the. diev 4L and engaging teeth on. the die 10. As shown in rug. 2, which illustrates the completio of t s. step. of t e pr cess, that portion of the string above the blank which is. in, the dies isdisplaced; slightly during the head forming operation above described, so that finally the point of each. ail of the string is contiguousto the edgeof the completedheadon'the next nail. After the com pletion h adi o ming pe a n. t e diesare retracted and the. string advanced to bring the next blank; into position to be op at up n.

The process. above described, may, be employed, to produce nailsof the forms shown in Figs and 5.. In this case however the process. includes, the bending of the points of. the nailsadjacent to their connections with the heads This operation, may be performed. simultaneously withv that, of ferlning the head of a blank through the provision of dies suitably shaped, to bend and. fornrthepoint of a blank during the Shaping of. the headofthe next. blank to which this point is connected. Modifications of the apparatus ;of;F.igs. 1. and 2suitable, for the .productioniof the. nails of Bi 4c ands are illustrated respectiiely in Figs. (3. and ,7. In both these modifications the. die 2 is extended upward above the head offthe nail which is .cla npedbetween the dies and is suitably recessed or curved to impart the desired shape, to. the point of the nail. which is next above the clamped nail. The die 10 also has an extended portion shaped .to conform to. the curveof til-apportion of the. die 2 which is' opposite. .thereto, so that. during the straightening and pressing -of a nail all will i be pressed between the [dies '2 :and 10 shape of the dies whiclrmay beqaltered as desired. It will be apparenton reference to the drawings that although the: nails are slightly offset laterallykwith' reference to one 1 another 1 as a result of these operations,

the substantially parallel relation of. the longitudinal axes. of the-blanksg or nails is not materially affected. U U

1 Although portions. otan apparatus have beenshown and described forthe purpose of explaining more clearly the steps: of the improved method, it should be understood that the invention is by no means dependent upon the use of this or any particular: ap-' paratus and that the methodmay be prac tised by the aid of variousWmechanrca-l means.

Having explained the *natureof the invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. That improvement in methods of making string nails which consists in forming of the string, and operating 'upon the I blanks to cause the heads to project also at said opposite side ofthestring without disconnecting the blanks.

2. That improvement in methodsoi' making string nails which consists in forming a string of nail blanksconnected in series head to oint with their heads forming defined pro ections at one side of the string and their sides substantially straight at the opposite side of the string, and displacing the heads to cause them to project also at said opposite side of the string without disconnecting the heads from the points of the adjacent blanks. v j i 3. That improvement in methods of making string nails which consists in forming a string ofnail blanks connected in series head to point with their. heads forming defined projections atone Side. of the string and inclined with reference tothe longitu dinal axes of the blanks and with their sides substantially straight atthe opposite side of the string, and bending and press- .ing the heads to straighten them and cause them to project also at said opposite side of the string without disconnecting the heads from the points of the adjacent blanks.

it. That improvement in methodsof making string nails which consists in forming a string of nail blanks connected in series head to point with their sides substantially straight at one side of thestring, and displacing the material at the head ends of the blanks with reference to other portions string. o?

of the blanksto form on each blank a defined head. projecting at the side of the blank at which the point of the adjacent blank is connected.

.5. a That improvement in methods of mak- ,ing string nails which consists in forming a connected. series of nail blanks-withtheir sides substantially straight and alined 1 at one side of the string and shaped 'at the other side to provide defined heads'and taperedshanks, and displacing the material at the head ends of the blanks to cause the heads to project a substantially equal amount atboth said opposite sides of the string. I Thatimprovement in methods of makingstrin nails which consists in forming a nail blanks connected in serles head to, point with their heads forming definedprojectionsat one side of the string and angularly disposed with reference to the longitudinal aXes of the blanks and their "sides substantially straight and alined at the opposite side of the string, and displacing the material at the head ends of the blanks angularly to straighten the heads' and cause them to project also at said opposite side of the string. 7 That improvement in methods of mak ing string nails which consists in forming a connected series of nail blanks in substantial alinement at one side of the string and shaped at the opposite side to provide defined heads and tapered shanks, clamping the shank portion of a blank adjacent to the head, and then subjecting the head to pressure to cause it to project also atsaid first ice end of the blank over fromits opposite side to form a head projecting at said first named I side of the blank without disconnecting the blank from the point of the next blank of the series. e

9. That improvement in methods or" making string nails which consists in forming a string of nail blanks each having asubstantially straight side with the blanks connected in series head to point and the points adjacent tothe straight sides of the connected blanks, subjecting the blanksto pressure to formon each blank a head projecting at that side at which thepoint of the adjacent I I blank is connected, and forming a bend at the point of each blank without disconnecting it from the head of the adjacent blank.

10. That improvement in methods of making string nails which consists in forming a string of nail blanks connected in series head to point with their heads forming de fined projections at one side-of the string and their sides substantially straight at the opposite side of the string clamping ablank below thehead, and then displacing the n aterialat the head 'of said blank to cause the head to project also at the lastnamed side of the string and simultaneou'sly bending the .point of the adjacent blank.

11. That improvement in methods ofm'aking string nailswhich consists in forming a string of nail blanks each having a substantially straight side with the blanks connected in series head to point andjthe points adjacent to the straight sides of the connected blanks; and subjecting the blanks to pressure upon said straight s'ide s'and the sides opposite thereto to formheads projecting; a substantially equal amount at both said} sides and tobend the-points. of the blanks 20 adjacent to their connections with the heads. 12.. That iniprovement in methods ofmakstrin nails Whichconsists in forming a string or nail :blanks connected in serles headto ooint Withtheir longitudinal axesin 25 substantially parallel relati0n, and forming a bend at the point of each blank adjacent to its connection with. the headiofthe next blank without altering the substantially parallel relation of the blanks. V r 30 In testimony whereof Ihave signed my name to thiss aecification in the presence of two' subscribing Witnesses.

GEORGE eonnU.

Witnesses Cnns'rn'n E. ROGERS, RUTH WV. SNELL.

Copies of this patent fiiaj be olitaiii'ed five qejntseach, by addressing the Commissioner of fatents,

' Washington, D. C. 

